ABSTRACT
In terms of its magnitude, occurrence, geographical distribution, loss of life and property, displacement of populations, and socioeconomic impacts, Ÿooding is the most common global environmental hazard (Loster, 1999). It accounts for at least a third of global natural disasters per annum with approximately 20,000 lives lost and 20 million people displaced (Loster, 1999; Smith, 2004). Approximately one third of the world’s land area is prone to Ÿooding and with 82% of the world’s population inhabiting these areas, it represents a signi¥cant hazard (Dilley et al., 2005). According to Jonkman (2005), during the period from 1975 to 2002, 176,864 people
15.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................207 15.2 Flooding of Urban Areas ..............................................................................209 15.3 Sustainable Drainage .................................................................................... 210
15.3.1 SUDS Devices and Flood Mitigation ............................................... 211 15.3.2 SUDS Flood-Resilient Design .......................................................... 215 15.3.3 Incorporating SUDS Techniques into New Build Developments .... 216 15.3.4 Retro¥t SUDS ................................................................................... 216 15.3.5 Designing SUDS into the Built Environment .................................. 219 15.3.6 Sacri¥cial Areas ............................................................................... 222 15.3.7 Tropical SUDS .................................................................................. 223
15.4 Case Studies ..................................................................................................224 15.5 Conclusions ...................................................................................................226 References .............................................................................................................. 227
were killed in the course of 1,883 freshwater Ÿooding events, and a further 2.27 billion people were affected.
