ABSTRACT
Either frequentist or Bayesian analysis can be used for adaptive trials. Statistical techniques using both schools have also been developed. However, the frequentist or an adaptation of the frequentist approach has been developed much more thoroughly because the dominant paradigm in clinical trials is the frequentist method. Therefore, the frequentist approach is much more typical than the Bayesian approach even for adaptive clinical trials, even though the Bayesian approach is much more naturally suited for adaptive designs. Because most statistical techniques in the adaptive clinical trial literature are based on a frequentist approach, this chapter will focus mostly on them.
