ABSTRACT
Standard specications for hydraulic –uids and components serve an important function in the –uid power industry. Fluid standards validate the safety, durability, compatibility, cleanliness, and functionality of hydraulic media [1-5]. Dimensional standards for hoses, tubes, seals, and ttings ensure interchangeability of components and simplify the assembly process [6-9]. Standard mounting geometries for pumps, motors, valves, and cylinders provide –exibility in design and reduce costs [10-12]. Standard test methods for evaluating hydraulic component efciency, power output, dynamic response, fatigue life, and reliability provide benchmarks for product performance [1317]. Standard terminology and symbols in –uid power create a common language for –uid power system designers and users [18,19]. These standards are especially important in the –uid power industry because hydraulic systems incorporate components produced by a variety of manufacturers from across the globe.
