ABSTRACT
For fluids of low viscosity, the effects of viscosity are appreciable only in a narrow region surroundings the fluid boundaries. For incompressible flows where the boundary layer remains thin, non-viscous fluid results may be applied to real fluids to a satisfactory degree of approximation. Converging or accelerating flow situations generally have thin boundary layers, but decelerating flows may have flow separation and development of large turbulent wake that is difficult to predict with non-viscous fluid equations. In many turbulent flows, the effects of boundary friction are significant and they are discussed herein.
