ABSTRACT
As it is pointed out in (IPCC 2005, p. 234) there are
some main questions to answer concerning CO
sto-
rage sites like: “What actually happens to CO
in the
subsurface and how do we know what is happening?
Can we verify that CO
is safely and effectively
stored underground?”. The answer to these and a lot
more questions can not only be given by models and
model-based calculations. So monitoring techniques
and a monitoring concept are needed for a wide va-
riety of purposes. Monitoring is needed to ensure
and document effective injection well controls, to
verify the quantity of injected and stored CO
, to op-
timize the efficiency of the storage project, to docu-
ment that CO
remains in the intended storage for-
mation, to detect leakage and to warn of any seepage
or leakage. So monitoring is important and neces-
sary for managing the storage activities themselves
but also for preventing the local environment. And
last but not least monitoring will help to increase
public acceptance. The importance of monitoring
and verification is also shown by the EC-funded re-
search project “CO2ReMoVe” (Wildenborg et al.