Noise and the Design of Low-Noise Signal Conditioning Systems for Biomedical Applications

Noise and output signal-to-noise ratio provide limitations to the precision of biomedical measurements. Other factors that limit output signal resolution are distortion caused by signal conditioning system nonlinearity and quantization in the analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) of input signals. The degree to which a biomedical signal is resolvable can be determined by the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the signal conditioning system (SNRo).