ABSTRACT
Humans have been exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation from the background since their existence on planet Earth. In addition, humans also receive medical exposures for the diagnosis and treatment of certain human diseases. Radiation workers are exposed to radiation doses higher than nonradiation workers. These workers include those who are responsible for conducting diagnostic radiation procedures and those who are working in the nuclear industries. The crews of commercial £ights also receive doses higher than those who do not £y. Frequent £yers are also exposed to radiation doses higher than those who £y infrequently. This chapter discusses sources of radiation exposure to humans, and doses and their potential risk of increasing the incidence of chronic diseases, including cancer.
