ABSTRACT
Ultrasound (US) is currently a common laboratory tool used to nebulize solutions into £ne mixtures, emulsify mixtures, drive chemical reactions, and to disperse nanoparticles and colloids.1 It consists of acoustic waves with frequencies of more than 20 kHz. Interacting with a species can cause structural changes and accelerate chemical reactions, disrupting the weak noncovalent interactions or disintegrating aggregated particles, but seldom favors the assembly formation.2 On the basis of ultrasound, sonochemistry (synthesis of materials under nonequilibrium conditions appearing under cavitation induced by acoustic waves resulting in the creation and collapse of microbubbles, providing extreme synthesis conditions such as temperatures of ∼5000 K, pressures of ∼1 GPa, and cooling rates of ∼1010 K/s) studies the synthesis of metals, alloys, oxides, polymers, and a variety of other classes of chemical compounds both in isolated and composite form. Since the process duration is extremely short, the resulting particles will be of nanosize.
