ABSTRACT
During the second main step of the latex-based process, i.e., the mixing of the aqueous surfactant-carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersion and the polymer latex particles, the stabilization system of both …‘ŽŽ‘‹†ƒŽ•‘Ž—–‹‘•‹•–Š‡ƒŒ‘”ˆƒ…–‘”…‘–”‘ŽŽ‹‰–Š‡‡ơ‡…–‹˜‡‹š‹‰ of the CNTs and the polymer. Because of this characteristic, this ’”‘…‡••‹•‡š–”‡‡Ž›˜‡”•ƒ–‹Ž‡Ǥ‘–Š‡”™‘”†•ǡƒ›–›’‡‘ˆ’‘Ž›‡” produced by (mini)emulsion polymerization or that can be brought ‹–‘ƒŽƒ–‡šˆ‘”‹ƒƒ”–‹ϐ‹…‹ƒŽ™ƒ›…ƒǡ‹’”‹…‹’Ž‡ǡ„‡—•‡†ǤŠ‡ ‹–”‹•‹…’”‘’‡”–‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ϐ‹ŽŽ‡”•ƒ†‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ–”‹šǡ‹Ǥ‡Ǥǡ–Š‡‹”•—”ˆƒ…‡ ’”‘’‡”–‹‡•ǡ –Š‡ƒ•’‡…– ”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ –Š‡ ϐ‹ŽŽ‡”ǡƒ† –Š‡’‘Ž›‡”˜‹•…‘•‹–›ǡ play a major role only during the subsequent processing step; e.g., compression molding, extrusion, or injection molding. Š‡ ’—”’‘•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‡•‡– …Šƒ’–‡” ‹• –‘ ‹ŽŽ—•–”ƒ–‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ•‘‡…Š‘•‡‡šƒ’Ž‡•Š‘™„”‘ƒ†Ž›–Š‡Žƒ–‡šǦ„ƒ•‡† …‘…‡’–…ƒ„‡ƒ’’Ž‹‡†–‘ƒŽŽ‹†•‘ˆ’‘Ž›‡”•›•–‡•Ǥ–Š‹•”‡•’‡…–ǡ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ…‘’‘•‹–‡•™‡”‡’”‡’ƒ”‡†™‹–Š˜ƒ”‹‘—•’‘Ž›‡”ƒ–”‹š‡•Ǥ ’Šƒ•‹•™ƒ•’—–‘–Š‡—•‡‘ˆƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡…‘–‹—‘—•ƒ‘…‘’‘•‹–‡ phases other than “single” amorphous polymers such as poly(methyl ‡–Šƒ…”›Žƒ–‡Ȍ ȋȌ ƒ† ’‘Ž›•–›”‡‡ ȋȌǡ ™Š‹…Š Šƒ˜‡ ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› „‡‡”‡’‘”–‡†‹†‡–ƒ‹Ž‹Šƒ’–‡”ͶǤŠ‡•‡ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡•›•–‡•ƒ”‡
ƒ•‡‹Ǧ…”›•–ƒŽŽ‹‡’‘Ž›‡”ǡ˜‹œǤǡ ƒ’‘Ž›’”‘’›Ž‡‡‡—Ž•‹‘ǡƒ•™‡ŽŽ as miscible and immiscible polymer blends of poly(2,6-dimethyl1,4-phenylene ether)/polystyrene (PPO/PS), and PS/PMMA, ”‡•’‡…–‹˜‡Ž›Ǥ –‡”‡•–‹‰Ž›ǡ ‹ –Š‡ ‡šƒ’Ž‡• •Š‘™ ‹ –Š‡ ’”‡•‡– …Šƒ’–‡”ǡ –Š‡ …‘ŽŽ‘‹†ƒŽ ƒ“—‡‘—•’‘Ž›‡”†‹•’‡”•‹‘•™‡”‡‘„–ƒ‹‡† „›–Š”‡‡†‹ơ‡”‡–‡–Š‘†‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ǡ ‹Ǥ‡Ǥǡ„›‡—Ž•‹‘’‘Ž›‡”‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ „›‹‹Ǧ‡—Ž•‹‘’‘Ž›‡”‹œƒ–‹‘ǡƒ†‡—Ž•‹ϐ‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ–Š‹‰Š•Š‡ƒ” rate of an ex situ synthesized polymer, i.e., the formation of a socalled secondary latex.
