ABSTRACT
A person who gains œnancially from an illegal activity by providing œnancing or services to those persons actually carrying out the crimes may never have direct involvement in the criminal acts, and may derive substantial œnancial beneœts from his or her participation. e œnancier for a drug distribution ring, the jeweler who modiœes the appearance of stolen gems, the money launderer disguising the nature of illegal proceeds, and the fence who sells the stolen goods are all indirectly involved in criminal activity. e risks involved in their participation are usually minimal, but the rewards are substantial. It is o‰en the discovery of these facilitators of crime that leads to the identiœcation and conviction of those involved in the criminal enterprise.
