ABSTRACT
Drug substances are seldom administered alone; rather they are given as part of a formulation in combination with one or more nonmedical agents (known as pharmaceutical ingredients or excipients) that serve varied and specialized pharmaceutical functions. Commonly used pharmaceutical ingredients are listed in Table 2.1. Pharmaceutical ingredients solubilize, suspend, thicken, dilute, emulsify, stabilize, preserve, color, –avor, and fashion medicinal agents into efcacious and appealing dosage forms.
