ABSTRACT
Currently, the pressure-driven membrane processes, reverse osmosis (RO), nanoltration (NF), ultraltration (UF), and microltration (MF), are widely used in water treatment, biotechnology, food industry, medicine, and other elds (Baker 2004). However, one of the main problems arising from the operation of the membrane units is membrane fouling, which seriously hampers the applications of membrane technologies (Scot and Hughes 1996).
