ABSTRACT
M.K. Pulatova*, V.L., Sharygin*, Yu.I. Mitrokhin**, I.N. Todorov**
* N.N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences 4 Kosygin street, 119991 Moscow, Russia; E-mail: pulatova@chph.ras.ru ** Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences 18 Institutsky Prospect, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow District, Russia
Annotation
For the entire organism, a sequence of responses of the cellular systems of organs an changes in concentrations of some proteins in blood of mice and dogs to radiation and chemical compound impacts were studied using ESR spectroscopy, radioisotope and enzymatic activity determination methods. The response reactions were estimated by time-and dose-dependent post-radiation changes in the intensity of deoxyribonucleotides, DNA and protein biosyntheses in organs (spleen, liver, bone marrow, thymus), changes in
Fe -transferrin (Fe -TF) and Cu -ceruloplasmin (Cu -CP) pools, superoxide dismutase activity, and inhibitor activity of a2-macroglobulin in blood of dogs and mice. The standard nonspecific response of cellular systems to radiation manifests itself as the three-stage process:
1) quick SOS-changes, which include activation of a complex of SOSrepair enzymes for radiation-induced DNA damages, immediate increase of RNA and deoxyribonucleotide synthesis intensity, and Fe3+-transferrin pool increase;
2) the increase of radiation-induced damage of cells in organs, caused by post-radiation inhibition of cellular processes, such as synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides, DNA and proteins and as well due to a significant decrease of Fe3+-transferrin pool in blood;
3) further development of compensatory-reduction reactions, the key event in which is integral increase of intensity in the systems synthesizing deoxyribonucleotides and DNA, and the whole protein-synthesizing
376 Chemical and Biological Kinetics. Afew Horizons
apparatus. As a result, protein homeostasis, first of all, of Fe3+-transferrin and Cu2+-ceruloplasmin pools, is restored.
