ABSTRACT

Name Formula 0.5% 1% 2% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 40% 50% Acetic acid CH3COOH 0.3 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.1 0.8 Ammonia NH3 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.4 Ammonium chloride NH4Cl 10.5 20.4 40.3 95.3 180 Ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 7.4 14.2 25.7 57.4 105 147 185 215 Barium chloride BaCl2 4.7 9.1 17.4 40.4 76.7 109.0 137.0 Calcium chloride CaCl2 8.1 15.7 29.4 67.0 117 157 177 183 172 106 Cesium chloride CsCl 3.8 7.4 13.8 32.9 65.8 102 142 Citric acid H3C(OH)(COO)3 1.2 2.1 3.0 4.7 6.2 7.0 7.2 7.1 Copper(II) sulfate CuSO4 2.9 5.4 9.3 19.0 32.2 42.3 Formic acid HCOOH 1.4 2.4 3.5 5.6 7.8 9.0 9.9 10.4 10.5 9.9 8.6 Hydrogen chloride HCl 45.1 92.9 183 Lithium chloride LiCl 10.1 19.0 34.9 76.4 127 155 170 165 146 Magnesium chloride MgCl2 8.6 16.6 31.2 66.9 108 129 134 122 98 Magnesium sulfate MgSO4 4.1 7.6 13.3 27.4 42.7 54.2 51.1 44.1 Manganese(II) sulfate MnSO4 6.2 10.6 21.6 34.5 43.7 47.6 Nitric acid HNO3 28.4 56.1 108 Oxalic acid H2C2O4 14.0 21.8 35.3 65.6 Phosphoric acid H3PO4 5.5 10.1 16.2 31.5 59.4 88.4 118 146 173 209 Potassium bromide KBr 5.2 10.2 19.5 47.7 95.6 144 194 Potassium carbonate K2CO3 7.0 13.6 25.4 58.0 109 152 188 223 Potassium chloride KCl 8.2 15.7 29.5 71.9 143 208 Potassium dihydrogen phosphate KH2PO4 3.0 5.9 11.0 25.0 44.6 Potassium hydrogen carbonate KHCO3 4.6 8.9 17.0 38.8 72.4 101 128 Potassium hydrogen phosphate K2HPO4 5.2 9.9 18.3 40.3 Potassium hydroxide KOH 20.0 38.5 75.0 178 Potassium iodide KI 3.8 7.5 14.2 35.2 71.8 110 188 224 Potassium nitrate KNO3 5.5 10.7 20.1 47.0 87.3 124 157 182 Potassium permanganate KMnO4 3.5 6.9 13.0 30.5 Potassium sulfate K2SO4 5.8 11.2 21.0 48.0 88.6 Silver(I) nitrate AgNO3 3.1 6.1 12.0 26.7 49.8 72.0 92.8 112 129 162 Sodium acetate NaCH3COO 3.9 7.6 14.4 30.9 53.4 64.1 69.3 69.2 64.3 Sodium bromide NaBr 5.0 9.7 18.4 44.0 84.6 122 157 191 216 Sodium carbonate Na2CO3 7.0 13.1 23.3 47.0 74.4 88.6 Sodium chloride NaCl 8.2 16.0 30.2 70.1 126 171 204 222 Sodium citrate Na3C6H5O7 7.4 12.8 26.2 42.1 52.0 57.1 57.3 53.5 Sodium dihydrogen phosphate NaH2PO4 2.2 4.4 9.1 21.0 33.2 43.3 49.6 53.1 54.0 46.1 Sodium hydrogen carbonate NaHCO3 4.2 8.2 15.0 31.4 Sodium hydrogen phosphate Na2HPO4 4.6 8.7 15.6 31.4 Sodium hydroxide NaOH 24.8 48.6 93.1 206 Sodium nitrate NaNO3 5.4 10.6 20.4 46.2 82.6 111 134 152 165 178 Sodium phosphate Na3PO4 7.3 14.1 22.7 43.5 Sodium sulfate Na2SO4 5.9 11.2 19.8 42.7 71.3 91.1 109 Sodium thiosulfate Na2S2O3 5.7 10.7 19.5 43.3 76.7 104 123 134 136 118 Strontium chloride SrCl2 5.9 11.4 22.0 49.1 91.5 127 153 168 178 Sulfuric acid H2SO4 24.3 47.8 92 211 Trichloroacetic acid CCl3COOH 10.3 19.6 37.2 84.7 148 193 221 Zinc sulfate ZnSO4 2.8 5.4 10.0 20.5 33.7 43.3