ABSTRACT
Figure 22.2A shows powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the carbons together with zeolite Y. Carbons showed structural regularity with a periodicity of about 1.4 nm, which matched with the spacing of the zeolite plane. It was noted that the carbon synthesized with temperature treatment of 900°C kept long-range ordering of carbon particles, due to a rigid and stable structure. HRTEM observation revealed three-dimensional
(3D) ordered carbon material. The arrangement of periodicity observed by HRTEM was well matched with power XRD. Rodriguez et al. reported zeolite Y template synthesis of high-surface-area microporous carbon by pyrolytic carbon infiltration followed by removal of the template [23]. They observed that the oxidation behavior of more active carbon takes place first and of the remaining active ordered carbon in the next stage. Mallouk and his coworkers obtained porous carbon using phenol-formaldehyde polymers inside various zeolites by the vapor-phase infiltration method [24]. Later stable and long-range ordered microporous carbon materials replicated from zeolite template were reported by Kyotani et al. using the two-step method at 900°C [22].
