ABSTRACT
Solar panel and wind turbine energy are clean and renewable energy sources. Earth’s land surface, oceans, and atmosphere absorb solar radiation, and this raises their temperature. By photosynthesis, green plants convert solar energy into chemical energy, which produces food, wood, and the biomass from which fossil fuels are derived. The total solar energy absorbed by Earth’s atmosphere, oceans, and land masses is approximately 3,850,000 exajoules per year. Wind turbines are one of the most promising energy sources, which have gained much attention and penetrated utility systems deeply compared to other renewable sources. The output voltage and frequency of the wind turbines are unstable since the wind speed is variable These turbines are installed onshore or offshore, or sometimes as a wind farm where large number of turbines are installed and connected together. Wind turbine is the modern equipment to convert the wind dynamic energy into the electrical energy. Two types of wind turbines are used: vertical axis and horizontal axis.
