ABSTRACT
The science and engineering of wastewater treatment has progressed tremendously over the last four or ‹ve decades. As knowledge and understanding of the relationship between waterborne pathogens and public health has increased, so has the impetus for innovation of new technologies for treatment of wastewater. In the last century, population growth and industrialization have resulted in signi‹cant degradation of the environment. Disposal of untreated wastes and wastewater on land or in streams and rivers is no longer an option. Newer regulations are aimed at protecting the environment as well as public health.
