ABSTRACT
Many epidemiological studies over the past 20 years have indicated that moderate wine consumption is associated with a decreased incidence of cancer (Grønbaek et al. 1995, 1998, 2000; Macfarlane et al. 1995; Benedetti et al. 2009; Chen et al. 2009). The relationship between wine consumption and incidence of cancer, particularly breast cancer, remains controversial however, with some studies showing either no effect or a decreased risk of breast cancer associated with moderate wine consumption (Longnecker et al. 1995; Zhang et al. 1999; Bessaoud and Daures 2008; Newcomb et al. 2009) and other studies indicating an increased breast cancer risk even with moderate consumption (Viel et al. 1997; Smith-Warner et al. 1998; Allen et al. 2009). Moderate wine consumption is dežned by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Dietary Guidelines (USDA 2010) as up to one 5 oz glass of wine (12% ethanol) per day for women and up to two 5 oz glasses of wine per day for men.
