ABSTRACT
We live in an uncertain world. Even in a world of perfect certainty-where we knew the truth of climate change, the future price of energy, or the outcome of the next election-planning for that future would be a dif—cult challenge. We would still have to deal with differing social values. But the world is not certain and planning is all the more dif—cult, important, and necessary because of this simple fact. Planning is one of our most underrated means of social intercourse and collective action. Planning gives us the ability to envision the future through all the uncertainty. Done well, it empowers us to choose a better future.
