ABSTRACT
Therapeutic proteins are important healthcare products for the treatment of many critical diseases, such as diabetes, hemophilia, and cancer. However, the inadequate stability of proteins in an aqueous solution often limits their distribution and use (Carpenter et al., 1994). Thus, the protein products are commonly dried to increase stability, with freeze-drying (lyophilization) and spray-drying being the major drying methods employed (Pikal, 1994). The storage stability of proteins in the glassy solids is of great signicance to the pharmaceutical industry, and stabilization of labile biomolecules is becoming increasingly important as more biopharmaceuticals are introduced into the marketplace (Wang, 2000).
