ABSTRACT
We start with a few important caveats. One is that the deƒnition of older adults varies depending on the context of the discussion. For example, within the workplace people aged 55 and older are typically considered older workers, whereas in much of the scientiƒc literature those aged 65 and older are considered older adults. Today, given the vast numbers of people who are living into their 80s and 90s and beyond, an important distinction is that between younger older adults, those aged 65-80 years, and those aged 80+. Someone in their 60s or 70s is typically very different from someone in their 80s. There are also important differences in characteristics between those who are 80-89 and those who are 90+ years. These distinctions are becoming extremely important as the number of people living age 90 and above is increasing. Another important caveat is that aging is associated with tremendous heterogeneity and all older people are not alike due to differences in genetics and experiences over the life course. A third important caveat is that aging is associated with plasticity. Older adults can experience improvements and gains in physical, cognitive, and functional performance and can learn new skills. They also bring a wealth of knowledge, skills, and experiences to situations.
