ABSTRACT
Articular cartilage is an avascular, aneural tissue in the joints, providing a smooth friction-free bearing surface for movement. It consists of surface, middle, and deep layers with a characteristic extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. Articular cartilage has a limited innate potential for repair and regeneration. There are three key requirements for the regeneration of articular cartilage:1-8
1. Inductive morphogens as signals. These are growth and differentiation factors and inductive signaling molecules.
