ABSTRACT
The design paradigm of civil structures is currently shifting to the performance based design (PBD) from the traditional safety factor based design. In the PBD, the great emphasis is placed on the control of structural deformation rather than on a safety factor in order to assure the serviceability and durability. The crucial factor controlling the deformation of ground supported structure is a stiffness not a strength. Therefore, the evaluation of deformation characteristics of geomaterials from site investigation results is very important in PBD (Kim et. al. 2009).
