ABSTRACT
This chapter presents the case study of a 3-year-old boy. A 3-year-old boy is noted by his parents to have two small erythematous papules on his abdomen just before bedtime. The child has previously been well and attends nursery four days per week. The child feels hot and looks slightly miserable; he does not obviously look dehydrated. There are multiple erythematous papules and vesicles over the child’s abdomen, back and around his neck. Chickenpox caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a common, highly contagious infectious disease that usually affects young children. In the United States children are vaccinated against VZV to try to prevent the disease; however this is not routinely given in the United Kingdom as the disease is considered mild. The eruption is usually itchy and many children scratch the tops off the vesicles, which can lead to scars that may be atrophic or keloid.
