ABSTRACT

Noradrenaline 3 1 0 Vasoconstriction Vasodilatation-induced hypotension

a-blockers Adrenaline Noradrenaline

Stimulate a-receptors in smooth muscle

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= Drugs which will decrease heart rate (negative inotropes): = Sympathetic antagonists:

– b-blockers, e.g. atenolol, bisoprolol. = Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, e.g. diltiazem,

verapamil. – negative inotropic effects.