ABSTRACT
The Bunyaviridae family is a large and diverse collection of segmented negative-sense RNA viruses. The family is divided into ve genera, Orthobunyavirus, Hantavirus, Nairovirus, Phlebovirus, and Tospovirus. All genera contain human pathogenic viruses, with the exception of the Tospovirus genus. The viruses of the Orthobunyavirus genus are transmitted to vertebrate hosts by blood-sucking arthropods, primarily mosquitoes. In the latest report by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Virus [1], 48 virus species are recognized in the genus Orthobunyavirus. Many viruses in this genus are known to infect and cause disease in humans. The outcomes of infection range from asymptomatic infection, mild febrile illness, or central nervous system disease to hemorrhagic fever. In this chapter, only the viruses that formerly belonged to Bunyamwera serogroup and their close associates are covered.
