ABSTRACT
Periodontal disease (PD) is an encompassing term for gingivitis and periodontitis. PD is the predominant underlying pathology of adult tooth loss. It is caused by various microorganisms and parasites. Host susceptibility, moderated by nutritional deciencies, plays a signicant role in the progress of the disease. Among the risk factors are diabetes, smoking, a diet characterized by rened carbohydrates, and inadequate vitamin C.
