ABSTRACT
The infiltrated water to the Earth is pulled down by gravity through the pores until it reaches a depth in the ground where all of the pores are filled with water, which is called groundwater. At this point, the soil or rock becomes saturated, and the water level that results is called the water table. The water table is not always at the same depth below the land surface. During periods of high precipitation, the water table can rise. Conversely, during periods of low precipitation and high evapotranspiration, the water table falls. The water table is also affected by artificial charge and discharges made in different points by humans. Underground water consists of two different zones. The one that contains both water and air, and occurs immediately below the land surface in most areas, is referred to as the unsaturated zone. The other zone that is almost underlain by a zone in which all interconnected openings are full of water is considered as the saturated zone.
