ABSTRACT
This chapter explains about continuous systems and how to model the systems and find their outputs if they are excited by different types of inputs. It describes the mathematical operation of convolution and its importance to system operations. The chapter focuses on how to find the impulse response of a system that is the cornerstone of system identification and system responses. It addresses the aspects of system description and system analysis. The chapter discusses stochastic and deterministic system description both mathematically and graphically. Both system categories may use time in a continuous form and may be described by differential equations; in such cases, both are continuous-time systems. When the input–output properties of a system’s elements can be described as proportional, time derivative, or integral functions, the resulting description is given by an integrodifferential equation. The terminal properties of a linear time-invariant capacitor are described graphically by a charge–voltage relationship.
