ABSTRACT
Nanoporous materials that have large specic surface areas are of broad interest in relation to their outstanding functions and wide applications in various elds such as gas adsorption and storage, catalysis, light-emitting diodes, semiconductors, and light energy conversions. Among various porous materials thus far developed, conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) represent a new class of porous architectures because CMPs are purely organic polymers that can be composited with lightweight elements via strong covalent bonds.1,2 The network structure of CMPs endows the materials with three-dimensional and amorphous characteristics along with inherent porosity. One signicant feature of CMPs is that the molecular skeleton is π
2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 43 2.2 Design Principle .............................................................................................44 2.3 Synthetic Strategies and Structural Control ................................................... 47
2.3.1 Synthetic Methods and Control of Skeleton ....................................... 47 2.3.2 Synthetic Control of Porous Structure ................................................ 49
2.3.2.1 Control by Monomer Strut Length and Geometry ..............50 2.3.2.2 Control by Statistical Copolymerization .............................. 52 2.3.2.3 Control by Reaction Conditions ........................................... 53
2.4 Function Exploration ...................................................................................... 56 2.4.1 Gas Adsorption ................................................................................... 56
2.4.1.1 Hydrogen .............................................................................. 56 2.4.1.2 Carbon Dioxide .................................................................... 58
2.4.2 Uptake of Dye and Other Guests ........................................................ 61 2.4.3 Heterogeneous Catalysis ..................................................................... 62 2.4.4 Light-Emitting Functions....................................................................65 2.4.5 Light-Harvesting Antenna Effect .......................................................65 2.4.6 Electric Energy Storage ......................................................................66
