ABSTRACT
The purpose of this chapter is to refine the objective (and the accompanying need) to create an outcome. An outcome is an objective specified by its requirements. Requirements are those characteristics that define functionality and usability; these are different for every organization and with every innovation. Requirements define the boundaries of use: in simple terms, how the innovation performs its intended use. The use of innovation is its intent (the objective). Therefore, for the 1961 President Kennedy pledge, the requirements consist of the technology, equipment, procedures, etc. and the performance of these elements to achieve the objective.
