ABSTRACT
KARL ERIK HELLSTROM and INGEGERD HELLSTROM / ONCOGEN, Seat t le , Washington
GARY E. GOODMAN / Tumor I n s t i t u t e , Swedish Hospital Medical Cen t e r , Seat t le , Washington
I. Introduct ion 624
II . Tumor Antigens Defined by Monoclonal Antibodies 624
A. General Aspects 624 B. Antigens Defined by Monoclonal Antibodies in
Some Human Cancers 629 II I . Drug-Ant ibody Conjugates 633
A. When Is Targe t ing Needed? 633 B. Choice of Targe t Antigen 634 C. Choice of Drugs 635 D. Impact of Tumor Cell Heterogeneity 637 E. Exist ing Conjugates Between Monoclonal
Antibodies and Chemotherapeutic Agents 638 F. Fu ture Perspec t ives 638 G. C u r r e n t Planned Phase I -Phase II Trials with
Monoclonal Antibody Conjugates 640 IV. Conclusions 641
References 642
While cancer chemotherapy has had remarkable success for certain tumors, e . g . , childhood leukemia, choriocarcinoma, and testicular carcinoma [1], it has been relatively ineffective for many of the more common tumors, e . g . , lung cancer and colon cancer. Its effectiveness also against these tumors may increase, if one could find drugs that are more specific, or if one could selectively concentrate ("target") the available drugs to tumors. For those tumors which are confined to a certain site, e . g . , to an extremity or a specific organ, local perfusion with a chemotherapeutic agent may achieve such targeting [2]. However, this approach is unfortunately not feasible in disseminated cancer.
