ABSTRACT
Clinical and experimental studies have resulted in extensive discussions of the link between renal disease and oxidative stress, which is directly or indirectly derived from various pathological conditions, such as hyperglycemia, free radical-generating toxic substances, and inflammation. e free radicals are highly reactive and harmful to lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, resulting
9.1 Introduction 177 9.2 Green Tea Polyphenols and Arginine-Induced Renal Failure 178 9.3 (–)-Epicatechin 3-O-Gallate and ONOO--Mediated Renal
Damage 181 9.4 (–)-Epigallocatechin 3-O-Gallate and Adenine-Induced Renal
Failure 189 9.5 (–)-Epigallocatechin 3-O-Gallate and Diabetic Nephropathy 192 9.6 Matcha (Green Tea Powder) and Type 2 Diabetic Renal Damage 196 9.7 Conclusion and Future Prospects 202 References 202
in structural and functional impairment. Increased levels of end products mediated by the reactions between biomolecules and free radicals, such as malondialdehyde, 3-nitrotyrosine, and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, were observed with various pathological phenomena, such as acute renal failure and hemodialysis (Fiorillo et al., 1998; Handelman et al., 2001; Kakimoto et al., 2002; Yokozawa et al., 2002). Inhibitors of free radicals and antioxidants have also been shown to protect against renal damage in a number of studies (Hahn et al., 1999).
