ABSTRACT
In probability theory, particle absorption models are represented by Markov chains evolving in a deterministic, or in a random, environment associated with some absorption rate functions.
The interpretation of the absorption event clearly depends on their application models. In optical ray propagation problems, the event of interest is related to photon absorptions [482]. In particle physics or in chemistry, the absorption rate is dictated by the energy of an electronic or macro-molecular configuration. For a more detailed discussion on these models, and their applications to the computation of Schro¨dinger ground state energies, we refer the reader to the series of articles [91, 161, 175, 176, 498]. In natural evolution theory, as well as in population model analysis, the absorption event is often related to an extinction probability. Further details on these applications can be found in the series of articles [420, 432, 561, 562, 563].
