ABSTRACT
In 1989, H. Gleiter introduced a new term into scientific practice –‘nanocrystal’ – and the corresponding group of the materials was referred to as nanocrystaline (nanostructured) [1-3]. In the initial stage, the nanostructured materials were the materials consisting of nanoregions (structural components with the dimensions in the nanometre range) separated by the boundaries (two-dimensional regions with a different structure) [1]. In many cases, the conventional upper limit of the nanosized range of the dimensions of the structure was 100 nm. The nanostructured materials include single-phase and multi-phase nanocrystalline (nanophased) materials (NM), represented by the polycrystalline solids with the grain size of the order of tens of nanometres (no more than 100 nm).
