ABSTRACT
Echocardiography is an important, noninvasive tool for evaluating cardiac anatomy and function, as well as surrounding structures. Pericardial fluid, pleural fluid, and mass lesions in or near the heart can also be detected. Three modes of echocardiography are commonly used: M-mode, two-dimensional (2-D, real-time), and Doppler. Each has important and complementary applications, as described below. As with many other diagnostic tests, the echocardiogram should be interpreted within the context of the patient’s history, CV examination findings, and any other appropriate tests. The importance of the echocardiographer’s technical skill in performing the study and understanding of cardiovascular anatomy and physiology cannot be overemphasized.
