ABSTRACT
Clinical Questions .................................................................................................. 110 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 110 Epidemiology ......................................................................................................... 110
Prevalence and Incidence .................................................................................. 110 Pathogenesis ........................................................................................................... 112
Allergens ........................................................................................................... 112 Route of Exposure and Subsequent Respiratory Symptoms ............................. 113
Oral Ingestion of Food Allergens ................................................................. 113 Inhalation of Food Allergens and Occupational Exposure ........................... 113
Respiratory Symptoms Induced by Food Allergens .............................................. 115 Upper Respiratory Symptoms ........................................................................... 115 Dyspnea Associated with Anemia in Infants ..................................................... 116 Atopy and Risk of Developing Asthma ............................................................. 116 Food Allergy and Risk for Hyperactive Airways in Childhood ........................ 116 Asthma Induced by Food Allergy ..................................................................... 117 Food Allergy and Predisposition to Bronchial Hyperreactivity ........................ 118 Association between Food Allergy and Asthma Morbidity .............................. 119 Respiratory Symptoms Contributing to the Severity of Acute Allergic Reactions to Foods ............................................................................................ 120
Food Allergy as a Risk Factor for Severe Asthma ................................................. 120 Diagnosis and Management ................................................................................... 121
Medical History ................................................................................................. 121 Physical Examination ........................................................................................ 121 Skin and Serum Testing for Food Allergy ......................................................... 121 Food Challenges ................................................................................................ 122
Treatment ............................................................................................................... 122 Conclusions ............................................................................................................ 123 Clinical Pearls ........................................................................................................ 123 References .............................................................................................................. 123
1. What are the key clinical features of food-related asthma and allergeninduced respiratory symptoms?
