ABSTRACT
Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 4 The Power (Electrical) Grid ......................................................................................................... 4
Core Functions of a Power Grid ......................................................................................... 4 Power Grid Components .................................................................................................... 5 Power Distribution Topologies............................................................................................ 5 Communication Networks, Control, and Communications Protocol in the Grid ............... 5 Problems in Current Power Grids ....................................................................................... 6
Stuxnet ........................................................................................................................................ 6 The Case for a Smart Grid ........................................................................................................... 6 The Smart Grid ........................................................................................................................... 7
Smart Grid Technologies, Systems, and Components ......................................................... 7 Grid Vulnerabilities ..................................................................................................................... 8 Threats in the Grid ...................................................................................................................... 9
Threats by Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability .......................................................... 9 Privacy Threats ..................................................................................................................10
Potential Attacks on the Grid .....................................................................................................10 Attacking Consumers ........................................................................................................10 Attacking Utility Companies .............................................................................................11
Federal Efforts to Protect the Grid in North America .................................................................13 Standards Bodies and Standards for Protecting the Grid .............................................................14 Security for the Grid ..................................................................................................................16
