ABSTRACT
Introduction ............................................................................................................220 Scope of Orthopedic Disease and Disability .....................................................220 Quality of Life: Pain, Strength, and Physical Function ....................................220 Pain .................................................................................................................... 221 Strength and Physical Function ......................................................................... 221
Chronic Low Back Pain ......................................................................................... 222 Overview ........................................................................................................... 222 Prevention .......................................................................................................... 223 Treatment .......................................................................................................... 223 Stability System and Spinal Stability ................................................................ 223 Movement System and Back Extension Strength .............................................224
Osteoarthritis ..........................................................................................................225 Overview ...........................................................................................................225 Prevention ..........................................................................................................226 Treatment ..........................................................................................................226
Rheumatoid Arthritis .............................................................................................. 227 Overview ........................................................................................................... 227 Prevention .......................................................................................................... 227 Treatment ..........................................................................................................228
Osteoporosis ........................................................................................................... 229 Overview ........................................................................................................... 229 Prevention .......................................................................................................... 229 Mechanical Loading and Bone Mineral Density ..............................................230 Muscular Strain and Bone Mineral Density ......................................................230 Treatment .......................................................................................................... 231
Adherence Issues ................................................................................................... 232 Overview ........................................................................................................... 232 Pain, Kinesiophobia, and Catastrophizing ........................................................ 232
