ABSTRACT
Process models discussed in Chapters 6 and 7 are of considerable scienti c importance as these provide useful insight into high-temperature steelmaking processes which are otherwise dif cult. Despite their potential and power as an effective modeling tool, they are not extensively used, particularly in the industry, as these tend to be complex, require specialized skills to develop and test, and require large computer run time. This latter issue makes mechanistic process models largely unsuitable where rapid calculations are desired, e.g., in actual process control. In addition, many steelmaking processes involve signi cant complexity and rigorous modeling is often dif cult. For example, it is practically impossible to model melting and re ning in an electric arc furnace (EAF) from the rst principles with the current state of understanding.
