ABSTRACT
This chapter looks at the various ways that ultrasound can be utilized for nondestructive evaluation of materials, including bulk and surface waves. It also includes discussion of the different ways that ultrasound can be generated in a material and consideration of the factors that affect signal amplitude — both those resulting from defects and those resulting from the normal attenuation with distance of signals passing through materials. The effects of inhomogeneities and interfaces on ultrasonic waves are considered, and the resulting reflection and refraction of wave front.
