ABSTRACT
C-29 hydrocarbons From C. decidua young fruits, flowers, buds, seeds (Rai 1987a)
C-31 hydrocarbons From C. decidua young fruits, flowers, buds, seeds (Rai 1987a)
Caffeic acid ethyl ester O
From C. formosana stems ether extract after removal of N-hexane fraction (Liu et al. 1977)
(Continued)
Compound Notes
Cappamensin A (2H-1,4-Benzoxazin-3(4H)-one, 6-methoxy-2-methyl-4-carbaldehyde)
From roots of C. sikkimensis var. formosana, bioactivity-guided fractionation, 2D NMR, in vitro anticancer angst. ovarian (1A9), lung (A549), ileocecal (HCT-8), breast (MCF-7), nasopharyngeal (KB), vincristine resistant (KB-VIN) human tumor cell lines, ED50 ≤ 4 μg/mL (mean GI50 15.1 μM) (Wu et al. 2003)
Cappaprenol 12 Isol. by prep. HPLC from C. spinosa alc. exts., 12 isoprene units (Al-Said et al. 1988)
Cappaprenol 13 Isol. by prep. HPLC from C. spinosa alc. exts., inhibited carrageenan-induced rat paw edema 44% vs. 67% for oxyphenbutazone, 13 isoprene units (Al-Said et al. 1988)
Cappaprenol 14 Isol. by prep. HPLC from C. spinosa alc. exts., 14 isoprene units (Al-Said et al. 1988)
Cappariloside A (1H-Indole-3-acetonitrile 4-O-β-glucopyranoside)
From mature C. spinosa fruits (Calis et al. 1999); from C. spinosa fruit (Fu et al. 2007); from C. spinosa fruits (Jiang et al. 2005)
Cappariloside B (1H-Indole-3-acetonitrile 4-O-β-(6′-O-β-glucopyranosyl)-glucopyranoside)
From mature C. spinosa fruits (Calis et al. 1999)
Capparisesterpenolide (3-Carboxy-6,17-dihydroxy-7,11,15,19-tetramethyleicos-13ene-δ-lactone)
Oxygenated heterocyclic in alc. ext. of C. decidua root bark (Gupta and Ali 1997)
Compound Notes
Capparoside A
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library, putative inhibitory effect on excess estrogen in women who experience insufficient milk for breastfeeding (Luecha et al. 2009)
2-Carboxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidine O
Upadhyay et al. 2006
Catalpol OH
Iridoid with anti-inflammatory activity found in stem bark of C. ovata (Villasenor 2007)
trans-Cinnamic acid O
From C. spinosa leaves and stems, column chrom., spectroscop. (Yang et al. 2011)
Corchoionoside C ((6S,9S)-roseoside) (+)-(6S,9S)-9-O-β-d-Glucopyranosyloxy-6-hydroxy -3-oxo-α-ionol
From C. spinosa mature fruits, (+)-(S)-abscisic acid deriv., 13C-resonance of C-9 for abs. configuration at that center (Calis et al. 2002)
Deciduaterpenolide A
Oxygenated heterocyclic δ-lactone deriv. of 1,3,3-trimethyl-1,4-cyclohexadien-6-one from alc. ext. of C. decidua root bark (Gupta and Ali 1997)
(Continued)
Compound Notes
Deciduaterpenolide B
Oxygenated heterocyclic δ-lactone deriv. of 1,3,3-trimethyl-1,4-cyclohexadien-6-one from alc. ext. of C. decidua root bark (Gupta and Ali 1997)
Deciduaterpenolide C O
Oxygenated heterocyclic δ-lactone deriv. of 1,3,3-trimethyl-1,4-cyclohexadien-6-one from alc. ext. of C. decidua root bark (Gupta and Ali 1997)
Deciduaterpenolide D
Oxygenated heterocyclic δ-lactone deriv. of 1,3,3-trimethyl-1,4-cyclohexadien-6-one from alc. ext. of C. decidua root bark (Gupta and Ali 1997)
Deciduaterpenolide E
Oxygenated heterocyclic δ-lactone deriv. of 1,3,3-trimethyl-1,4-cyclohexadien-6-one from alc. ext. of C. decidua root bark (Gupta and Ali 1997)
(-)-Dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
2, 4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid O
From C. spinosa fruit pericarp (Xiao et al. 2008)
(-)-5,5′-Dimethoxy-4-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl) lariciresinol From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
Compound Notes
(+/-)-8,8′-Dimethoxy-1-O-(β-D glucopyranosyl) secoisolariciresinol
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
Dolichol-like polyprenols w/hydrogenated OH terminal isoprene unit
In C. coriacea leaves (Jankowski and Chojnacki 1991)
(-)-8′-Epilyoniresin-4-yl β-glucopyranoside
From roots of C. tenera (Su et al. 2007)
Ethyl hydroxybenzoate O
From C. spinosa leaves and stems, column chrom., spectroscop. (Yang et al. 2011)
Flower surface wax in general 14% in C. decidua (Rai 1987a)
By paper and TLC from C. decidua (Dhar et al. 1972)
Gallotannin A OR
Fruits of C. moonii hydro-alc. ext. → 2 new chebulinic acid derivs. w/insulinomimetic actions (Kanaujia et al. 2010)
(Continued)
Compound Notes
Gallotannin B
3R-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl lyoniresinol
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
4-(β-Glucopyranosyloxy)-1H-indole-3-acetamide
From roots of C. tenera (Su et al. 2007)
4-(β-Glucopyranosyloxy)-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde
From roots of C. tenera (Su et al. 2007)
(-)-1-O-β-d-Glucopyranosyloxy-3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol HO
From C. spinosa mature fruits (Calis et al. 2002)
n-Hentriacontane From C. decidua flowers (Rai 1987a)
Histamine N
38 mg/kg in C. spinosa fruit (Garcia-Garcia et al. 2001)
Compound Notes
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (p-Hydroxybenzoic acid) O
From C. spinosa fruit pericarp (Xiao et al. 2008), C. spinosa fruit, chromatography, spectroscopy (Yu et al. 2006), 33% of MeOH sol. fraction of aq. ext. of C. spinosa, protected liver after paracetamol or CCl4 or rat hepatocytes after thioacetamide or galactosamine exposure in vitro (Gadgoli and Mishra 1999)
6-Hydroxy-12-carboxy-blumenol A-β-D-glucopyranoside From C. spinosa fruits (Jiang et al. 2005)
4-Hydroxy-2,6-dimethoxyphenol 1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, leonuriside
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
s4-({6-O-[(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-βglucopyranosyl}oxy)-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid
From roots of C. tenera (Su et al. 2007)
From roots of C. tenera (Su et al. 2007)
4-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl) dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one OH
From C. spinosa fruits ethanol ext., column chrom., spectroscop. (Yang et al. 2010a)
(Continued)
Compound Notes
(6S,9S)-6-Hydroxyinamoside ((-)-(6S,9S)-9-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-6,13-dihydroxy-3oxo-α-ionol)
(Spionoside A)
From C. spinosa mature fruits, (+)-(S)-abscisic acid deriv., 13C-resonance of C-9 for abs. configuration at that center (Calis et al. 2002)
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl 1-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1f6)-β-D-glucopyranoside
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
4-Hydroxy-5-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid
From EtOAc ext. of C. spinosa fruits by column chromatog., NMR (Yang et al. 2010b)
6-(1-Hydroxy-non-3-enyl)tetrahydropyran-2-one OH
Upadhyay et al. 2006
7-Hydroxy-2-oxoindol-3-yl acetic acid
From C. spinosa fruits ethanol ext., column chrom., spectroscop. (Yang et al. 2010a)
(6S)-Hydroxy-3-oxo-α-ionol
From C. spinosa fruits (Jiang et al. 2005); from C. spinosa fruits ethanol ext., column chrom., spectroscop. (Yang et al. 2010a)
Hypoxanthine OH
From C. spinosa fruit (Fu et al. 2007)
Compound Notes
Icariside B1
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
3-Indolcarboxaldehyde O
From C. spinosa fruits (Jiang et al. 2005)
1H-Indole-3-carbaldehyde
From C. spinosa fruits ethanol ext, column chrom., spectroscop. (Yang et al. 2010a)
Inosine
From C. spinosa fruits (Jiang et al. 2005)
Isoamericanol A
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
Isoprincepin O
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
(Continued)
Compound Notes
Isopsoralen O
From C. spinosa leaves and stems, column chrom., spectroscop. (Yang et al. 2011)
Isotachioside O
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
Kalanchoe glycosides From EtOAc ext. of C. spinosa fruits (Yu et al. 2011)
Koaburaside
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
(-)-Lariciresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
Long-chain polyisoprenoid alcohols in general Up to 0.3% of dried leaves in 12 Capparis species, usually w/12, 13, 14, or 15 isoprenoid units, in some species also minor components with 19, 20, or 21 isoprenoid units (Jankowski and Chojnacki 1991)
Compound Notes
(+)-Lyoniresin-4′-yl β-glucopyranoside
From roots of C. tenera (Su et al. 2007)
3-Methyl-2-butenyl-β-glucoside
In C. spinosa (Khanfar et al 2003)
3-Methyl-7-hydroxymethylene-10-(12,16,16-trimethylcyclohex11-ene-yl)-dec-9-ene-5-one-8-ol
Diterpene alc. in C. decidua root bark alc. ext. (Gupta and Ali 1998)
Methylparaben O
From C. spinosa leaves and stems, column chrom., spectroscop. (Yang et al. 2011)
myo-Inositol
From C. spinosa fruits ethanol ext., column chrom., spectroscop. (Yang et al. 2010a)
New polysaccharide From ripe fruit of C. spinosa by HPCE (Ji et al. 2006)
(Continued)
Compound Notes
n-Nonacosane From C. decidua flowers (Rai 1987a)
Oxazolidine-2-thione O
Bitter-tasting component from C. masaikai seeds aq. ext., mol. configuration and bond angles and distances presented (Hu et al. 1987)
25-Oxo-octacosan-1,20-diol O
Aliphatic compound in C. decidua root bark alc. ext. (Gupta and Ali 1998)
Phytic acid O
304 mg/100 g in unripe fruit of C. decidua (Chauhan et al. 1986)
Princepin OH
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
Protocatechuic acid O
From C. spinosa fruit pericarp (Xiao et al. 2008); C. spinosa fruit, chromatography, spectroscopy (Yu et al. 2006); from C. spinosa leaves and stems, column chrom., spectroscop. (Yang et al. 2011)
Compound Notes
Psoralen (Furocoumarin)
From C. spinosa leaves and stems, column chrom., spectroscop. (Yang et al. 2011)
Putrescine
In C. spinosa fruit (Garcia-Garcia et al. 2001)
4-L-Rhamnose-benzoic acid
From C. spinosa fruits (Jiang et al. 2005)
Roseoside
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
HO From C. formosana stems ether extract after removal of N-hexane fraction (Liu et al. 1977)
Scopolin
Glucoside from C. formosana stems ether extract after removal of N-hexane fraction (Liu et al. 1977)
Seed fat in general 5.7-50% in C. spinosa from Western Rajasthan, India, arid areas (Rai 1987b); 18% in C. decidua (Rai 1987a)
(Continued)
Compound Notes
Spionoside B
OH From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009); from C. spinosa fruits ethanol ext., column chrom., spectroscop. (Yang et al. 2010a)
Succinic acid O
From C. spinosa fruit pericarp (Xiao et al. 2008)
Sucrose HO
From C. spinosa fruits (Jiang et al. 2005)
(+/-)-Syringaresinol OH
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
Compound Notes
Tachioside
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
Tamarixetin 3-O-β-D-galactoside From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
(7R,8R)-threo-Guaiacylglycerol 8-O-4′-sinapyl ether 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
From aerial parts of C. avicans via NMR and library (Luecha et al. 2009)
Triacontanol HO
Upadhyay et al. 2006
n-Tricosa-17-on-1-oic acid (Capparitricosanoic acid)
OH From fruits of C. moonii (Ramachandram et al. 2004)
1,3,6-Tri-O-galloyl-2-chebuloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside
From hydro-alc. ext. of C. moonii fruits, ↑ glucose uptake 223% and 219% over the control at 10 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL concn. in L6 cells, resp., w/signif. IR and IRS-1 phosphorylation, GLUT4 and PI3-kinase mRNA expression (Kanaujia et al. 2010)
1,3,6-Tri-O-galloyl-2-chebuloyl ester-β-D-glucopyranoside From hydro-alc. ext. of C. moonii fruits, ↑ glucose uptake 223% and 219% over the control at 10 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL concn. in L6 cells, resp., w/signif. IR and IRS-1 phosphorylation, GLUT4 and PI3-kinase mRNA expression (Kanaujia et al. 2010)
(Continued)
Al-Said, M.S., E.A. Abdelsattar, S.I. Khalifa, and F.S. El-Feraly. 1988. Isolation and identification of an anti-inflammatory principle from Capparis spinosa. Pharmazie 43(9): 640-641.
