ABSTRACT
The tombs of the kings in Valley of the Kings, Luxor, are considered to be one of the tourism industry’s bases in Egypt due to their uniqueness all over the world. Hence, they should be preserved from the different factors that might cause harm to their wall paintings. One of these factors is the excessive relative humidity (RH), as it increases the bacteria and fungus activity inside the tomb, in addition to its effects on the mechanical and physical properties of materials. This chapter aims to provide controlled climate to the tombs of the Valley of the Kings, with complete monitoring of air properties, temperature, relative humidity, and carbon oxides, and air quality parameter mechanical distributions inside selected tombs of the Valley of the Kings that are listed in Appendix A. A complete climate control and monitoring of air will be affected with the aid of a mechanical ventilation system extracting air at designated locations in the wooden raised floor of the tombs. The location, size, and extracted air are to be predicted and optimized by use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The CFD modeling techniques would solve the continuity, momentum, energy, and species transport equations in addition to k-ε model equations for turbulence closure. The SIMPLEC algorithm is used for the pressure-velocity coupling, and a second-order upwind scheme is used for discretization of the governing equations. Mesh sizes used in the present work exceeded 1,000,000 mesh volumes to adequately represent the flow characteristics at various locations.
