ABSTRACT
Quay walls are earth-retaining structures at which ships can berth. They are usually equipped with bollards to provide moorings for ships and fendering to absorb the impacts of the vessels. Quay walls are used for the transhipment of goods by cranes or heavy equipment that move alongside the ship. The superstructure is robustly constructed and the quay is usually equipped with rails for cranes and with channels for the cables that supply power to the cranes. The foundation must provide the necessary stability. The entire structure must be able to satisfy numerous requirements imposed by soil conditions, water levels, and the size of ships and loads, supplemented by the specific demands placed upon it by the users, operators, Port Authorities, harbor master, linesman, pilot service and the asset managers of the quay.
