Subaqueous Soils

One of the new frontiers in soil science that has come into focus over the past two decades has been the study of subaqueous soils. Although the concept has appeared in the literature at times (Kubiëna, 1953; Muckenhausen, 1965), only recently have these substrates received recognition in the United States and as such are now accommodated under the denition of soils (Soil Survey Sta¦, 1999). Under the new denition, soils may occur in permanently ¥ooded or ponded environments with water depths up to approximately 2.5 m (Soil Survey Sta¦, 1999).