ABSTRACT
A normal functioning immune system recognizes and eliminates foreign cells, bacteria, viruses, and macromolecules while maintaining tolerance toward self. If mechanisms of tolerance break down, the persistence of autoreactive T and B cells can occur, leading to the formation of autoantibodies, the elaboration of inammatory cytokines, and ultimately to the development of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [1]. The prevalence and incidence of autoimmune diseases are increasing in the developing world, suggesting that the Western diet and lifestyle may be contributing [2]. Multiple aspects of nutrition, including dietary interventions and nutritional supplements, may have
Introduction ............................................................................................................ 211 Caloric Restriction ................................................................................................. 212 Amino Acids .......................................................................................................... 213 Taurine ................................................................................................................... 213 Isoavones.............................................................................................................. 214 n-3 and n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ............................................................... 214 Furanocoumarins .................................................................................................... 216 Vitamin D ............................................................................................................... 217 Vitamin E ............................................................................................................... 218 Vitamins B6, B12, and Folate ................................................................................ 219 Vitamin C ...............................................................................................................220 Curcumin ................................................................................................................ 221 Conclusions ............................................................................................................ 221 References .............................................................................................................. 222
implications for both the pathogenesis and the management of autoimmune diseases such as SLE and RA [3]. In addition, patients with RA and SLE have been dened as at-risk populations for cardiovascular disease (CVD) by the American Heart Association (AHA) and may therefore benet from dietary interventions aimed to reduce heart disease risk as well [4]. Here, we will review the interactions between nutrition and autoimmunity by focusing on two of the most common autoimmune rheumatic diseases, RA and SLE.
