ABSTRACT

In order to design the controller, the control engineer will typically analyze the plant and represent it as a series of linear differential equations, using complex mathematical techniques to obtain the required responses under all conceivable steady state and transient conditions. Thankfully, in computer simulations or games, the effect of a badly designed controller is never catastrophic as it might be in a chemical plant, for example, and so instead of a fully specified controller, the much simpler and easier to operate Proportional

40.1 Introduction 40.2 Basic Control Theory 40.3 Introducing the

PID Controller 40.4 Implementing the

PID Controller

40.5 Designing and Tuning the PID Controller

40.6 Adaptive Control 40.7 Predictive Control 40.8 Other Controller

Applications in Racing 40.9 Conclusion

Integral Derivative (PID) controller can be used. This PID controller is “good enough” that it can be used in most situations where we are trying to control a single input target and output value system and absolute precision is not necessary. For the curious, a more complete introduction to control theory and plant analysis is available [Ogata 09] as is advanced instruction on bespoke controller design [Warwick 96].