ABSTRACT
Photonic crystals (PCs) [1,2] are the structures with nanoresolution and periodic modulation of the refractive index, which have a photonic band gap. Band gaps define the frequency of electromagnetic radiation, which can not exist in this structure. For optical PCs at a wavelength of 1.3 µm the size of the band gap equals tens of nanometers. Accordingly, total reflection is observed in the fall of electromagnetic radiation on the PC, the frequency of which lies in the band gap. This property determines the prospects of using photonic crystal structures as waveguides, antireflection coatings, frequency filters, metamaterials, photonic crystal lens, working at a given light frequency.
