ABSTRACT
Objects with a vortex structure exist in the various spheres of the material world, in the macrocosm (the spiral shape of galaxies and nebulae), in the microcosm (elementary particles, optical fields) and in our daily lives (cyclones and anticyclones, tornadoes and typhoons). Their structure and behaviour have still not been exhaustively studied and represent a vast field for research. Thus, in recent years a separate section (‘singular optics’) was formed by the branch of optics dealing with the study of light beams with screw phase singularities (i.e. the vortex laser beams).
