ABSTRACT
The main reason synthetic biology came to an existence was the approval of human insulin, which was the rst medicine made by using recombinant DNA technology; later came the development of the rst recombinant vaccine. Researchers were also able to successfully synthesize the entire genome of Mycoplasma mycoides based on the known sequence of the microbe, and could replace the DNA from the bacterium Mycoplasma capricolum with this synthetic genome, and produce functional bacterial cells that are similar to natural Mycoplasma mycoides. There are various applications of synthetic biology that create new organisms for biofuel production, degrading biowastes, and enhancing the productivity of agriculture and food production.
